feat: 导入 IRSTD 研究代码与文档（小目标检测）

- 新增 irstd 核心包、scripts、tests、configs
- 新增研究文档：literature_review / mathematical_analysis / novelty_matrix / experiment_plan / research_decision / research_log / manuscript_outline
- 新增 evidence、results 数据与审计产物
- 新增 pyproject.toml、requirements、.gitignore

results/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Actual results only
+
+- `unit_tests.txt`: executed CPU tests and explicitly skipped PyTorch tests.
+- `math_checks.json`: analytic calibration sample-size calculations.
+- `environment.json`: observed runtime availability.
+
+No trained detector scores, dataset performance, latency or VRAM numbers exist. Tests use synthetic fixtures. No table cell marked pending should be interpreted as zero performance.

results/environment.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "python": "3.12.14 (main, Aug 25 2026, 14:00:49) [Clang 22.1.3 ]",
+  "platform": "Linux-6.18.57-x86_64-with-glibc2.39",
+  "numpy": "2.3.5",
+  "scipy": "1.17.0",
+  "Pillow": "12.3.0",
+  "torch_available": false,
+  "nvidia_smi": null,
+  "real_data_acquired": false
+}

results/math_checks.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "experiment_type": "analytic_sample_size_and_synthetic_sanity_only",
+  "python": "3.12.14",
+  "numpy": "2.3.5",
+  "scipy": "1.17.0",
+  "n_zero_error_any": 758,
+  "n_zero_error_count_tail_sum": 75321,
+  "n_zero_error_any_fixed_sequence": 299,
+  "n_zero_error_count_fixed_sequence": 19172,
+  "any_upper_n80": 0.09075042258738893,
+  "any_upper_n1000": 0.007581963587247506,
+  "detector_training": "not run",
+  "real_dataset_metrics": "not measured"
+}

results/unit_tests.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+test_adjacent_targets_conflict (test_core.CoreTests.test_adjacent_targets_conflict) ... ok
+test_binary_penalty_exactness (test_core.CoreTests.test_binary_penalty_exactness) ... ok
+test_canonical_bound_exhaustive (test_core.CoreTests.test_canonical_bound_exhaustive) ... ok
+test_count_and_any_distinct (test_core.CoreTests.test_count_and_any_distinct) ... ok
+test_cp_zero_and_all (test_core.CoreTests.test_cp_zero_and_all) ... ok
+test_disconnected_path (test_core.CoreTests.test_disconnected_path) ... ok
+test_empty_image_conventions (test_core.CoreTests.test_empty_image_conventions) ... ok
+test_empty_matching (test_core.CoreTests.test_empty_matching) ... ok
+test_fixed_sequence_count_zero_boundary (test_core.CoreTests.test_fixed_sequence_count_zero_boundary) ... ok
+test_fixed_sequence_stops_without_restart (test_core.CoreTests.test_fixed_sequence_stops_without_restart) ... ok
+test_fixed_sequence_support_endpoints (test_core.CoreTests.test_fixed_sequence_support_endpoints) ... ok
+test_fixed_sequence_zero_boundary (test_core.CoreTests.test_fixed_sequence_zero_boundary) ... ok
+test_invalid_calibration (test_core.CoreTests.test_invalid_calibration) ... ok
+test_invalid_recall_even_with_feasible_target (test_core.CoreTests.test_invalid_recall_even_with_feasible_target) ... ok
+test_large_zero_calibration_certifies_any (test_core.CoreTests.test_large_zero_calibration_certifies_any) ... ok
+test_matching_deficiency_exhaustive (test_core.CoreTests.test_matching_deficiency_exhaustive) ... ok
+test_matching_not_greedy (test_core.CoreTests.test_matching_not_greedy) ... ok
+test_metrics_one_to_one (test_core.CoreTests.test_metrics_one_to_one) ... ok
+test_path_matches_enumeration (test_core.CoreTests.test_path_matches_enumeration) ... ok
+test_pixel_threshold_splits_false_object (test_core.CoreTests.test_pixel_threshold_splits_false_object) ... ok
+test_pool_cap_and_stability (test_core.CoreTests.test_pool_cap_and_stability) ... ok
+test_small_calibration_abstains (test_core.CoreTests.test_small_calibration_abstains) ... ok
+test_surrogate_upper_bound (test_core.CoreTests.test_surrogate_upper_bound) ... ok
+test_cpu_calibration_evaluation_and_tamper_guard (test_pipeline.PipelineTests.test_cpu_calibration_evaluation_and_tamper_guard) ... ok
+test_data_audit_cli (test_pipeline.PipelineTests.test_data_audit_cli) ... ok
+test_group_leakage_rejected (test_pipeline.PipelineTests.test_group_leakage_rejected) ... ok
+test_gate_gradients (test_torch.TorchTests.test_gate_gradients) ... skipped 'PyTorch is unavailable; gradient/training tests NOT executed'
+test_shapes_and_gradient (test_torch.TorchTests.test_shapes_and_gradient) ... skipped 'PyTorch is unavailable; gradient/training tests NOT executed'
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+Ran 28 tests in 3.447s
+
+OK (skipped=2)